The end gateway beam is culled when the source block isn't visible, similar to what used to happen with the beacon beam (MC-68247) although slightly less aggressive.
To reproduce
Run
/setblock ~2 ~ ~ end_gateway
to create an end gateway block.Place a command block next to it.
Enter
/data merge block ~1 ~ ~ {Age:100}
into the command block.Change the command block to a repeating, always-active command block.
The beam should now be visible.
Looking forward, fly up. After a few blocks, the beam should disappear.
When looking down, the beam will reappear.
Can confirm in 20w51a.