Chests are invisible, but otherwise exist in the world - the hitbox is highlighted, collision works and right click behaves as expected. Looks like a texture missing - chests have no icon in the inventory either. This occurs with both pre-existing as well as newly placed chests.
This is weird, I reopened Minecraft now, created a new world, chests show up fine. Got back to previous world, I was standing next to some chests which were still invisible, the game froze for a second and then they became visible.