This works on any game mode.
Use an Anvil and place an item into it. Rename the item so it uses non-English characters (Asian characters do this consistently). The name will change to question marks anywhere where the characters are used.
On a side note, some accented Latin characters also change to blocks with question marks inside them.
The names do appear for a short time but they quickly disappear.
This may happen on other versions as well.
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Duplicate of MC-178, please use the search function to see if your bug has already been submitted. Currently over 55% of tickets are being closed as duplicate.