The bug
When accessing any screen that has a text field selected by default (such as the singleplayer / world selection menu) using the space key, a space gets typed into the text field with which you can search for worlds. Thus, only worlds with a name containing a space are shown.
To reproduce
Open Minecraft
Press
Tab, so that theSingleplayerbutton is highlightedPress
Space❌ A space got typed into the search field
Select
Create new worldPress
Space❌ A space got typed into the seed text field
If you press Enter instead, this issue does not happen.
This is a duplicate of a more updated report, MC-233888 that has multiple issue links. Resolving as a duplicate.