When you summon an area effect cloud with particles and teleport it, the particles do not change location. But the cloud did.
Steps for replication:
/summon minecraft:area_effect_cloud ~ ~ ~ {Duration: 200, Tags: ["ray"], Particle: "composter", Radius: .05f}
execute as @e[type=minecraft:area_effect_cloud, tag=ray] at @s run tp @s ^ ^ ^.5
To check the new location I used this:
execute as @e[type=minecraft:area_effect_cloud, tag=ray] at @s run summon minecraft:bat ~ ~ ~ {NoAI: 1b}
You can look at the screenshot and see that the particles stayed in place even though the cloud moved.
Hey there!
This looks to be a duplicate of MC-44654.