Using /locatebiome command on a pre1.18 world teleports you to biomes that would've been there if the seed was generated in 1.18. In example screenshots that I provied, you can see I tried to locate wooded_badlands biome, but it teleported me to a plains biome. This plains biome was generated in 1.16. However on a fresh new world with the same seed wooded_badlands is in the exact same place the game thought it was on that 1.16 world.
Resolving this as duplicate of MC-172449 because both seem to describe the same bug.
If it turns out that this report here is only specific to the new world generation in 1.18 we can reopen it again.