When trying to use a potion with the food component with edited eat seconds, saturation and nutrition, the potion overrides the component with the default potion values.
The same applies for honey bottles, or any other drinkable/eatable item without the default chewing particles and sounds.
Thank you for your report!
We're tracking this issue as MC-270924, so this ticket is being resolved and linked as a duplicate.
That ticket has already been resolved as Won't Fix, which means this is considered a bug but won't be fixed. The description of that ticket or the comments might explain the rationale. Please do not leave a comment on the linked ticket.
If you haven't already, you might like to make use of the search feature to see if the issue has already been mentioned.
Quick Links:
📓 Bug Tracker Guidelines – 💬 Community Support – 📧 Mojang Support (Technical Issues) – 📧 Microsoft Support (Account Issues)
📓 Project Summary – ✍️ Feedback and Suggestions – 📖 Game Wiki