If tool or any other enchantable item has the “minecraft:enchantments“ and the “minecraft:enchantable“ components at the same time, the “minecraft:enchantable“ component becomes ineffective on the enchanting table. I believe this is a bug, because items that are not enchantable but still possess the “minecraft:enchantable“ item component can still be enchanted, or at the very least have the options present even if the buttons on the enchanting table are inactive.
The last part is a bug as well, but it has already been reported: MC-298702
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After consideration, the issue is being closed as Working as Intended.
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