When you break a barrier block the block goes away but the texture stays.
Also when not holding barrier after holding barrier causes the same glitch.
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Comments 4
Wait a few seconds before barrier particles disappear.

Duplicate of MC-47660 - If you have not, please use the search function in the future, to see if your bug has already been submitted. If you could not find the original report, please comment with the keywords you searched for.
Simple, you wait, I think they did that so you can tell there was a barrier there. It should disappear after 1.5-2 seconds or so.
Intended