A bug discovered by this guy: http://www.planetminecraft.com/blog/new-glitch-with-video/. Basically, when moving blocks in any part of the creative inventory, except the Survival inventory, with the number keys, when you place the recently-moved block, it places the correct block, then a split second later, whatever was originally in that spot in your inventory that you moved the block to gets placed, including air.
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Duplicate of MC-2912 – If you searched the tracker before creating this report, and were unable to find the indicated ticket, please comment with the keywords you searched for so that the original report can be improved.