Relates to: MC-52937
When using either
*⬛*
(black large square, U+2B1B)*⬜*
(white large square, U+2B1C)
Minecraft displays the characters behind each other correctly, but they create "space" behind them (see screenshot).
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What you are describing for ( looks pretty much like ▕ described at MC-13046

Fixed for 1.10.2 probably through fix for MC-23952
This also occurs with all fullwidth characters (within block U+FFxx). Possibly related, U+FF08, fullwidth left parenthesis ('(') does not render at all, even though it is present in the font textures.