Given that a zombie can't jump to the same elevation as a villager, it won't attack it.
There's not much to be said; to reproduce make sure the zombie is one block below the villager and can't jump to the same elevation. If done correctly, the villager will never be harmed regardless of proximity to the zombie.
To demonstrate the severity of this issue, I pushed a glass block into the lower half of a zombie and trapped a villager directly on top of it. Again it was not harmed.
It's worth mentioning this bug does not persist if the zombie is in a minecart.
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Cleaning up old tickets: This ticket had been set to 'Awaiting Response', but has not received a response from the reporter (~3 months+) so is being closed as Incomplete. If you feel this is still a valid issue then please comment, or create a new ticket following the Issue Guidelines which includes steps to reproduce the problem.
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Thank you for your report!
However, this issue has been temporarily closed as Awaiting Response
Is this still an issue in the latest version? If so, can you please add it to the affected versions (or mention it if you are not the reporter).
Also, just a reminder, to make your bug report as effective as possible, please try and include the following steps to reproduce the problem:
If your ticket does not look like the example given here, then it's likely to be closed as incomplete.
This ticket will automatically reopen when you reply.
Quick Links:
📓 Issue Guidelines – 💬 Mojang Support – 📧 Suggestions – 📖 Minecraft Wiki