Blocks do not show as broken after they have been removed however they are able to be walked through and an outline of the block behind will show.
When using any form of fast tools block lag happens very frequently,
For example mining Netherack with an efficiency 5 pick. Or even just digging sand with a diamond shovel.
Has happened once where I have been strip mining in the nether and the block lag happened and I left the game, upon returning I was trapped inside blocks and started to suffocate.
This is also on a single player world so it's not a connectivity issue.
I'm having the same issue on survival mode with version 1.19.40. I have tried many of the suggested fixes to include turning most of the video settings off or down, restarting the console, ensuring no other apps were running, clearing storage cache, disabling what few resource and texture packs I have, and signing out of my account, but still no improvement. I've attached video files above.