So, I came across this bug about a week ago when I decided to play Bedrock on a PC. Here are all the clarifications about the situation:
I'm using Windows 11 23H2.
I tried to wait — achievements don't unlock even after a while.
Cheats, addons, and experimental features are guaranteed not to be used in my world. I've created many worlds, but I haven't achieved any achievements, even for opening an inventory.
I reinstalled the game, it didn't help.
In some solutions of this kind, it is proposed to set the use of telemetry in the system settings to automatic, but unfortunately, as I understand it, this function is hidden in Windows 11 or missing.
Please do not duplicate your reports (MCPE-232506). As I mentioned in my comment, if the provided solution doesn't work, contact Community Support for assistance.