I was building in my long term survival, a completed world that I've dabbled in since a while before the ocean update and the village and pillage update. I had a giant base. A huge farm with automatic sugarcane and various other automated farms that all shuffled into an automatic sorting system. I spent tons of time building in this world. Then, I opened it again. And excited my house to see what looked like an unrendered chunk. I walked up to it as if it weren't there, expecting it just to be slow rendering, then I fell in. I died. It wasn't until I responded until I noticed that nearly all of my work. My countless hours of time building in this 193Mb world, had all been corrupted. Random chunks of terrains that were not originally here had replaced large sections of my world. Huge pieces of the landscape had been completely deleted leaving holes to the void up to 5 chunks wide. My 120 block tall house had been reduced to a 10 block tall house, with the topmost section completely vanished from existence. My 193Mb world is now reduced to a 111.3Mb. (This world was large because I started it on Minecraft Xbox One Edition before bedrock edition was on the Xbox). The title of the world, once labeled "Hard Survival" as it's on hard mode, now is just a blank section.
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Thank you for your report!
We're actually already tracking this issue at MCPE-58514, so I resolved and linked this ticket as a duplicate.
If you would like to add a vote and any extra information to the main ticket it would be appreciated.
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Sorry about this happening, however, ALL players should take periodic backups of their worlds to ensure a valid copy of the world is available should the unthinkable occur.
If you are able to copy the world on your device, that is one method. However, if you can hook your PC to your xbox one via USB, I believe you should be able to treat the xbox like a hard drive and access its files.
Bugs are sadly going to happen, and it isn't worth risking a world corruption by having zero backups of a long-term world project.
When I was playing local words, I kept the last 5 versions of my world folder on backup, removing the older backups. It definitely saved me from bugs and corruption a few times. I backed up the world folder EVERY time I completed a major milestone or ended the game session.