I found a way to prevent the bug from happen. If the player completely unload(being outside 1.18 render distance) the chunk where the leashed cat is, and than load the chunk(entity processing) that the cat is and if there is no valid places for the cat to teleport, than the bug doesn't happen.
This can be performed by having really long catwalk(i gonna call catwalk, a 3 block wide bridge or footbridge) 10 blocks above a super flat world. the catwalk has to be long enough for end where the cat is to be completely unloaded. In one end of the catwalk, the cat that the player own must be leashed to fence, than the player must go to exact chunk in the catwalk that loads the chunk where the cat is, and change the blocks the catwalk is made to tripwire and place carpets above the tripwire, only the chunk that loads the cat needs to be changed.
The player than must go to end of catwalk to unload the cat, after that the player can go where the cat is.
When the player step in the chunk with tripwire+carpets the cat is loaded and it can't teleport to the player because there is no valid blocks to teleport. the player can continue to walk to where the cat is and the cat wont teleport to player anymore even if there is valid blocks to teleport.
If you have a slow computer like mine or if you walk too fast in the catwalk, and the game load the chunk where the cat is after you crossed the chunk with tripwire and carpets, the cat will teleport to you.
TLDR. If the cat can't teleport to the player when the chunk that it in is loaded and the bug is prevented and wont happen afterwards.
Luís Felipe
I found a way to prevent the bug from happen. If the player completely unload(being outside 1.18 render distance) the chunk where the leashed cat is, and than load the chunk(entity processing) that the cat is and if there is no valid places for the cat to teleport, than the bug doesn't happen.
This can be performed by having really long catwalk(i gonna call catwalk, a 3 block wide bridge or footbridge) 10 blocks above a super flat world. the catwalk has to be long enough for end where the cat is to be completely unloaded. In one end of the catwalk, the cat that the player own must be leashed to fence, than the player must go to exact chunk in the catwalk that loads the chunk where the cat is, and change the blocks the catwalk is made to tripwire and place carpets above the tripwire, only the chunk that loads the cat needs to be changed.
The player than must go to end of catwalk to unload the cat, after that the player can go where the cat is.
When the player step in the chunk with tripwire+carpets the cat is loaded and it can't teleport to the player because there is no valid blocks to teleport. the player can continue to walk to where the cat is and the cat wont teleport to player anymore even if there is valid blocks to teleport.
If you have a slow computer like mine or if you walk too fast in the catwalk, and the game load the chunk where the cat is after you crossed the chunk with tripwire and carpets, the cat will teleport to you.
TLDR. If the cat can't teleport to the player when the chunk that it in is loaded and the bug is prevented and wont happen afterwards.