It seems "block mining" sounds are still in the wrong category. This issue is related to MC-36360, but it was marked as resolved when part of it still isn't. The bow and other projectile's sounds work just fine, but mining sounds do not when "Friendly Creatures" sounds are set to OFF.
I can see other people reporting a similar issue from an older version of Minecraft. But have no idea if breaking a block should stay as friendly creatures or must be changed to blocks. For me, it is better to be considered as Blocks and not friendly creatures.