If I place an item frame on the ceiling of my house (ie bottom surface), then break the frame, the frame drops on the roof of the house instead of falling to the floor.
If the roof has multiple vertical layers, the frame passes upwards through the layers to be on top.
I also tried this near Y=1. Placing an item frame on the bottom surface of the rock above and then breaking the frame causes the frame to float up through the solid blocks until it hits air. In my case, the natural surface at around Y=63