The Luck effect has become obtainable in survival mode since 19w11a, when fletcher villagers became able to trade you tipped arrows of luck, but the "How Did We Get Here?" advancement has not been updated to require it.
Linked issues
Comments 6
I believe this is unintentional, since MC-147041 involves getting "uncraftable tipped arrows", which are a different item from arrows of luck, and are obtained in different ways (uncraftable arrows from villager gifts, luck arrows from trading). Maybe being able to trade for arrows of luck is a bug itself though.
After a lot of testing with villager trades and some code digging, I am starting to doubt that arrows of luck in survival mode are a thing. The tipped arrows can only have effects that potions exist for (potions that are only available with commands don't count), if I have read the source code correctly. Luck doesn't seem to be included in that list.
Arrow of luck trades might have been a thing in a previous snapshot, or there might just have been some incorrect information around on the internet.
I've resolved this ticket as Invalid for now. If you can provide a way to get the luck effect in survival without commands, we can reopen it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_oB1TOKPmE Here is a quick video I recorded showing the arrow of luck trade exists in 19w13b (demonstrated with commands). Set up a repeating command block with the command /summon minecraft:villager ~ ~ ~ {NoAI:1,VillagerData:{level:5,profession:"minecraft:fletcher"}}, which will spawn fletchers with just their last set of trades. The trade is quite rare, but eventually you can get it as shown, proving that luck is available in survival (unless the command summons villagers with wrong trades for some reason).
Thanks. I guess when testing this I just had no luck...
That trade existing is now tracked in this ticket: MC-147240, as that looks like something that might not be intended.
This is likely intended, as it seems that luck being obtainable is a bug (MC-147041).