I died twice, once during a raid and once directly after the raid ended. There was no lava or fire nearby either death location. The first time, a pillager killed me, and a ravager was nearby, and the second time I was killed by a vex, just after earning the "Hero of the Village" advancement.
If it matters, I also had another instance of the game in the background, which had been saving another world for the past hour. There will be another ticket for that.
Items disappeared when I died during a raid. After dying twice, I lost:
A shield (Equipped)
Iron boots (Equipped and damaged)
A record disc
Some logs
And possibly more, as I counted more open spaces in my inventory (which was full) but I can't remember what was there.
If you find a way to reproduce, comment on MC-144768.