While staying inside the boundaries of my village, and sleeping at night before any normal hostile mobs could spawn at the over world surface, a patrol spawned in a nearby forest. My render distance was set to 7 chunks and the farthest distance it could have spawned from the village was about 6 chunks from the village border (at most). If I am not mistaken, patrols should not spawn too near villages, especially if one does not leave the village, even though the forest nearby creates spawnable areas for hostile mobs early in the night.
Cant confirm, after 20w06a patrola no longer spawn near village