So, I was playing on my Hardcore world as usual, mining in a ravine. All of a sudden, a creeper fell, and exploded instantly almost killing me. I tested it on another world, and creepers don't need to charge after taking fall damage. I hope this is a bug, because it can end someones life.
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Duplicate of MC-7900
If the wiki is correct, this works as intended.
The charge starts before the fall starts, so the explosion can occur as soon as they land. Also, creepers will fall intentionally if they can survive the fall.