There was an earlier issue regarding this, but it was dismissed as it was performed on a modified version of the game. I have recreated the issue without a modified version, all you need to do is place and remove music discs from a jukebox very quickly and it will play music without the disc being in it.
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Chandler
Thank you for your report!
We're tracking this issue in MC-112245, so this ticket is being resolved and linked as a duplicate.
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