The Bug
When intersecting a collidable block, the player will automatically be pushed in a given direction to stop the intersection - either to the side, or downwards. However, no attempt will be made to push the player upwards regardless of any available space.
How to reproduce:
Place a horizontal "plus" of (ice) blocks with the middle open (see screenshots)
Stand in the middle and run this command:
/setblock ~ ~ ~ ice
→❌ Notice how you're not pushed out of the block
Now break any of the 4 initial blocks on the outside
→✔ Notice how the block in the middle now pushes you out in the direction of the block that was removed
Can confirm in 21w11a.