The bug
If a Trident has its DealtDamage NBT set to something other than 1, it will immediately be set back to 1. This is different than the previous behavior in 1.16.5 where the DealtDamage NBT would change.
How to reproduce
Summon a Trident with
/summon trident
Then run the command
/data merge entity @e[type=trident,limit=1] {DealtDamage:0b}
Finally run
/data get entity @e[type=minecraft:trident,limit=1] DealtDamage
→ ❌ Notice DealtDamage is still set to 1b despite being set to 0b.
It seems like
DealtDamage
cannot be changed at all.