I'm not sure from which version this error appeared, but it seems that this was not on 1.19. The jukebox plays music without sound if you re-enter the world or change dimensions while the record is playing. Particles of notes appear above the jukebox but no music can be heard.
Linked issues
is duplicated by 3
MC-271858
Jukeboxes continue to emit particles when a world is closed and re-opened
Resolved
MC-276683
[Duplicated] Jukebox does not play when changing dimentions
Resolved
MC-298458
When playing a record, entering a portal to reach the Nether, and then entering the same portal to reach the Overworld, the record has no sound
Resolved
diskria
Actually a duplicate of MC-10436.