Closely relates to the recently-fixed MC-267866 and also to: MC-94610 MC-149589 MC-173732 MC-177712 MC-202586 MC-235754 MC-235755
The bug
The dropping of honeycombs from a bee nest or beehive on which shears are used appears to be hardcoded.
How to fix
Introduce a loot table, as was done to fix MC-267866.
Linked issues
Comments

Can confirm.
Code Analysis:
Method insde beehive block
public static void dropHoneycomb(Level level, BlockPos blockPos) {
popResource(level, blockPos, new ItemStack(Items.HONEYCOMB, 3));
}
Confirmed, there is no loot table of this nature located in either the gameplay folder or the blocks folder.