This seems to be a duplicate of bugs listed on the legacy bug tracker:
https://bugs-legacy.mojang.com/browse/MC-200131
When I afk at my melon and pumpkin farm the minecart sounds plays but the next day it is the only sound not playing. This can also be triggered right away by loading the game assets (F3+T) all sounds work but the minecart is instantly muted. I need to rejoin my world for the minecart sounds to come back.
Linked issues
duplicates 1
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It seems to apply to other sounds too, like bees and music discs playing on a loop, at some point they also become silent, easiest to notice is the minecarts after afk'ing at farms. Every single morning the carts are silent and I have to restart. Hope this will be fixed but fear it won’t as it’s several years old.
This is also a duplicate of the current tracker ticket, not just the legacy one. 😉 Thanks for finding it yourself!