When creating a row of chests, and creating two copper golems, they will both sort items in parallel, however as both take the nearest path between a regular chest and copper chest, they can end up with a conflicting path and get stuck walking into each other. This can be solved by detecting a bump of two golems that results in lack of substantial movement for a given length of time, and then having one golem path around the other.
Environment
Minecraft 1.21.11, no datapacks
This issue is already being tracked in MC-301313.