Going to the options.txt file and changing the FoV to a ridiculously high value (say 3.0) can cause the player to see through blocks near them, which could be used for cheating.
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Related to MC-92250, can confirm for MC 1.12.1.

Confirmed for 1.13.1.

Confirmed in 1.15.2 and 1.16 Release Candidate 1.

In 1.16.1 and 1.16.2 Pre-1
Can confirm in 20w51a.
Can confirm in 21w05b.

This has been fixed in 22w12a with the options rewrite; the values are clamped to the in-game slider's values.