...When the player dies, Entity.player.hurt is used instead. Unique player death sounds are not possible.
Linked issues
Comments 4
Is this still an issue in the most recent versions (currently that is 1.10.2, or 16w42a) of Minecraft? If so, please update the affected versions and help us keeping this ticket updated from time to time.
Resolving to MC-159496, since it describes the same issue and was marked as fixed.
WAI – it happens on previous versions, even other editions too. The wiki page for 15w49a didn't list this sound effect.