I can't open the game

I have the game downloaded, but since the 1.6 update I can't play. When I open the launcher after downloading, it asks me to restart it, but when I close it and search for somewhere to open it again, such a place doesn't exist.
I try to find a shortcut, or a place in the .minecraft folder to open the game, but I can't.

What should I do to open the game?