Either they fly in the same rotation or pass through inside
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Can confirm. I’ve found that this is rather tricky or almost impossible to reproduce on PC, so using a phone is recommended for this.
Steps to reproduce:
Position yourself down 1 block from where the shulker box is currently placed.
Aim a crossbow toward the upper north-western part of the block (refer to the video)
Open the shulker.
Exit the GUI and immediately fire your crossbow.
Observed results:
If you did it correctly, then on rare occasions, you’ll note that the arrow won’t get deflected as usual, but instead pass through the shulker’s collision box and be ignored entirely.
Expected results:
Since shulkers are a solid block regardless of state, they should deflect all arrows that intersect their collision range. This includes when they’re doing their closing animation.