While playing in Creative Mode, I tried to use /locate biome sulfur_caves, but when I pressed X to execute the command, the command returned “Syntax Error”. This is strange, as there is a pop-up for sulfur_caves when typing the command. This means that outside of third-party software or already knowing where the biome will generate, it is very, very hard to locate a sulfur cave, which also affects the new “Uh-oh” achievement. WARNING: THIS HAPPENED ON 26.31. THIS MAY HAVE BEEN FIXED, BUT I HAVEN'T SEEN ANY OTHER BUG REPORTS ABOUT IT.
You need to add the minecraft: namespace.
/locate biome minecraft:sulfur_caves