Leftmost: glass at world height
Next is glass a distance above, not at build height.
Then top half slabs, and finally bottom half slabs.
As can be seen, rain only occurs at the far left portion, with the glass.
The last time I could see a similar bug posted was MCPE 71250, but I could not gather much from that, so I posted this to give more detail. If they get merged, fine, but I just want it acknowledged. The last ones I saw similar were resolved in like 1.6 or 1.8 MCPE. I saw those had issues with slabs, so I tested that.
Addition of a second layer of glass directly below does not change effect, but moving glass down 1 block removes the glitch entirely.
Also tested with Glowstone and Sea Lanterns, the effect still occurs.
Effect occurs with solid blocks like quartz and iron blocks, as well as spruce logs. Also occurs with top and bottom slabs. I conclude it happens with every block at build limit.
Confirmed in 1.16 update.