I use Oracle Java 1.7.
The folks on #minecrafthelp said there are some features in 1.7.x that require newer graphics hardware. I have an NVidia GeForce 512MB card, certainly not obsolete, but I was using the Nouveau drivers. After some searching, I found this tutorial to install the NVidia drivers by adding a new ppa: http://news.softpedia.com/news/How-to-Install-the-Latest-NVIDIA-331-20-Drivers-in-Ubuntu-13-10-399182.shtml.
I know you said you're using an Intel graphics chip, but you might consider trying to get an upgraded driver.
That said, while this doesn't look like a MC defect, there probably should have been better communication about the requirements for the graphics driver.
I see that this issue is closed, but I would like to know why it is classified as a technical support issue and not a defect. This did not occur pre 1.7, and rendered the game unplayable for me.
I tried to add an issue, but the field for the version of Minecraft PE that I'm using refuses to recognize the number I input. That is annoying.
Also, the issue I have is that the artwork cannot be removed by tapping, if you alter the FOV slider setting in options. I have to remove the blocks from under the artwork. That is annoying.
Plus, I can place artwork directly on top of other pieces of artwork. The stack turns into a digital mess. Then I have to destroy the blocks to get rid of it.
This is more annoying than a visible fart.