It seems a try catch had been removed inside FontManager between 1.18.2 and 1.19, instead of ignoring failing providers, it just break the game instead.
Ignoring failing providers is a requirement for LoneDev widely used plugin which allow 3rd party add-ons that cause new entries added to the providers list.
The class to change is net.minecraft.client.gui.font.FontManager a line 81
The original working code in 1.18.2 code in was:
The new failing code in 1.19.1-rc1 is:
I'm being pressured by the community to participate in this, I am sorry in advance if I made anyone feel bad with this comment.