Not sure who changed the title, but the new one is incorrect. Statistics are not saved if the “stats“ folder does not exist yet. Whether the specific stats file already exists does not matter.
Full deobfuscated log: https://mclo.gs/2d8OjDz
Seems to have been fixed in 23w43b
The issue occurs on every start if the config/default/permissions.json file is missing, the GameTest experiment is enabled, and the script-watchdog is enabled.
The same issue occurs on the Windows version, except that there is no message about the crash. The server just exits immediately after it starts.
I tested this in a VirtualBox VM running Windows 11.
Spawn eggs seem to work correctly in Minecraft 1.14.4, but the issue remains for firework rockets and tipped arrows.
I was not able to test this myself yet, but I’d consider the new behavior a fix for this issue. Breaking compatibility with old implementations could be a bug, but there honestly is no good way to fix the problem without breaking old implementations. It might be possible to just strip all Unicode characters, but I think that would arguably be a worse solution. ISO-8859-1 characters outside the ASCII range no longer working is unfortunate, but I think that should be reported as a separate issue and probably can’t be fixed reasonably.