Confirmed for 1.15.2 and 20w21a. Also, this affects Firework Stars, in addition to just Firework Rockets. For example, put 2 gunpowder, 2 cyan dye, and 1 wither skeleton skull in the crafting GUI, and shift click on the result. You wind up with two firework rockets, one of which is Creeper shaped and one of which is not.
First, I disagree with this being marked as a duplicate of MC-17431. Even if the underlying cause is the same, neither MC-17431 nor any of other issues marked as duplicates of it mention a bug during crafting; all of those issues talk about what happens when you move items into the Enchanting Table GUI.
Second, I've now tested this in the latest snapshot (20w21a), and the bug persists, so it wasn't fixed by whatever fixed MC-17431. @Galaxy_2Alex , because this persists, can you please either reopen this issue or reopen MC-17431 and add this information?
This also works for other types of Firework Rocket recipes. If you use 2 gunpowder + 1 gunpowder + 2 paper, you'll get 3 Firework Rockets with Flight Duration: 2 and also 3 Firework Rockets with Flight Duration: 1.