Yes, I have a AutoHotKey script for custom shortcuts, and apparently it was interfering with Minecraft mouse input somehow. Running the game without the having the script enabled, solves the issue.
Does this also happen for other games when the cursor is captured by the application?
No, it happens only in Minecraft Java Edition, and specifically in 26.3
Smiter
Yes, I have a AutoHotKey script for custom shortcuts, and apparently it was interfering with Minecraft mouse input somehow. Running the game without the having the script enabled, solves the issue.