Relates to MC-9553.
Reproduce steps
1. Create a team: /team add test
2. Summon an invisible entity belonging to this team: /summon minecraft:armor_stand ~ ~ ~ {NoGravity: 1b, Team: test, Invisible: 1b}
3. Join the team: /team join test
4. Put transparent blocks behind the entity OR move the camera to make the entity in front of cloud OR whatever.
Affects:
Specially rendered or transparent blocks (except for regular glass)
Clouds
Breaking animations
Beacon beam
Nether portal
Particles
Campfire smoke
Water
This also affect players in spectator mode.
Related issues
discovered while testing
relates to
Attachments
Comments

Discovered while testing MC-163964.
FIXED IN 1.15-PRE1. Sorry my bad.
Prior to 1.15-pre1, all the things listed are rendered in front of semi-transparent entities, as claimed in the summary.
In 1.15-pre1, they are not being rendered any more if they are behind semi-transparent entities. I just opened a new ticket for this: MC-165958.

Fixed for everything on that list?
Yup, just checked. Everything in the list above is now affected by MC-165958 instead.