Creepers that are not charged do not have the "powered:0b" nbt data and thus cannot be manipulated or detected by commands. The "powered" tag doesn't appear in the entity data and testing specifically for that tag fails.
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Can confirm that this is an issue in 20w51a. Here are some steps to reproduce this problem.
Steps to Reproduce:
Run the following commands:
/summon minecraft:creeper ~ ~ ~
/data get entity @e[type=minecraft:creeper,sort=nearest,limit=1] powered→ ❌ Notice how the creeper does not have a "powered" NBT tag.
Resolving as a duplicate of MC-87252.
Not really a bug, there's no reason to store it if it's false. You can just do