Using /setblock to place a falling block in air will cause a game freeze in some circumstances.
One of these can be found in the attached world: placing a block at y<32 won't cause a freeze, on the other cases it will.
That's not the only case, i didn't find why this is happening despite different tests.
I have recorded a video showing the performance issue while executing a metric capture. Both of them can be found in the attachments.
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This issue has been fixed in 23w16a.
Cannot reproduce anymore in 23w16a