Normally, mobs get pushed by solid blocks to a nearby air space. But cave spiders can actually climb out of a place where they are suffocating if there is an airspace diagonally above them.
To replicate, get a bunch of cave spiders inside a 1x1 space. They will usually try to climb to the top. Next, push a block into them with a sticky piston. There must be an air space above the piston's arm. Very rarely, a few of them can glitch through the block by climbing out. Now, retract the piston before they die. Now, several of them will glitch out. They should not be able to climb out, but their climbing behavior allows them to climb inside of blocks to get out.
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Duplicate of MC-225551.
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We're resolving and linking this ticket forward as a duplicate of MC-225551, as that ticket contains more detailed information and/or has already been triaged by Mojang.
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I don't think that this is a duplicate of MC-225551.
What he describes seems to be part of a cave spider farm, where he uses a piston with a block to soften the cave spider (see screenshot).
The cave spider also "glitch out" when they are in a transparent block, without suffocation damage.
But I would say that this is WAI, because the cave spider can walk with the block when the piston retracts and then climb up into the air block.
This is a part of Minecrafts physics mechanics to avoid suffocation.