Clones MC-41822.
This issue has been in the game since a long time, but it got "fixed" (not really) due to MC-165374, making the sky no longer render if the player had a low render distance. But now that's no longer the case and the issue is here again, probably due to the fix of MC-123654, haven't checked.
With a low render distance (2 chunks in my case) the sky renders, but sometimes you can see black shapes when moving around.
Mention:
This will be much more evident if you have night_vision effect.