In survival, sculk catalysts and sculk veins will will not drop when mined by any silk touch tools other than the hoe. I discovered this when using a silk touch pickaxe.
Expected Result:
Sculk catalysts will drop when broken by any silk touch tool, although it might take longer.
Observed Result:
Sculk catalysts are destroyed when broken by any silk touch tool other than a hoe.
This is most likely working as intended for the sculk catalyst. Here's why I think so. You are supposed to mine diamond ore with an iron, diamond, or netherite pickaxe. It wouldn't make sense if you could mine it and get the diamond ore block with a stone pickaxe that has silk touch.