A signal strength of 14 will detect " Mobs and players teleporting or spawning", as per the 23w12a changelogs. However, sculk sensors and calibrated sculk sensors detect this as a player landing event (signal 2) rather than a teleportation event (level 14).
Before Teleporting
[media]After Teleporting
[media]
The calibrated sculk sensor does detect players using ender pearls, but it detects it as level 2 instead (landing on any surface), which is the same as the sculk sensor.
Please create a separate ticket for players respawning.