Seemingly randomly, various stone blocks will exist that take significantly longer to mine and result in nothing dropped. Even when a diamond axe is enchanted with Unbreaking 3 and Efficiency 5, it will take as long as an obsidian block to mine it and result in no drops. The deeper one is (closer to Y=0) the more likely one is to find such a block. Also on Android version, both for as long as I can remember.
Thank you for your report!
However, this issue has been closed as Working as Intended.
I think it's most likely that you have come across some monster eggs. More can be read about these on the wiki:
https://minecraft.gamepedia.com/Monster_Egg
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