The bug
When you replace bamboo with water using a water bucket it completely disappear. This doesn't affect bamboo saplings.
How to reproduce:
Make sure to have gamerule dotiledrops set to true
Place bamboo
Place bamboo on top
Break the bamboo at the to
Replace bamboo at the bottom with water
What I observed: The block got replaced with water and the bamboo disappeared
What I expected: The bamboo gets replaced with water and drops as an item or it is not possible to replace it with water like on java.
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Affects version 1.16.210.59 in Windows 10
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affects 1.17.30.22

Affects 1.17.41.Â
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When you place a water source block anywhere in the bamboo plant (like trying to waterlog the bamboo) the bamboo at that location disappears without dropping as an item. Any bamboo below that point remains, and any bamboo above that point breaks and drops as an item.