Thanks @Zgajak.
I do not know about Fredeico, but I have tried all that you suggested before, but still did not work. Got the same errors as Frederico.
The only thing is, that I'm on Windows7, and therefore, no newer update.
I believe Frederico is on Win7 too, since my game works just fine on Win10.
I have the same issue since monday (10.31.2022.) I have the same launcher version as you do.
On my PC with Windows 7, I have the exactly same problem, and tried all that you have too.
Interestingly on my laptop, with Windows 10 everything works just fine.
For me it seams like this is some cheesy way to block win7 users accessing the game.
I hope I am not right and there will be some kind of solution.
@Frederico I am 90% sure that you PC is just fine for running minecraft the way it is now. You just need to install win10 on it, and it would run fine.
My issue is, why are they banning win7 user to use the game at all? I am running modded MC 1.7, and it was running flawless. Only the launcher is messed up now.
Please Microsoft, repair the launcher so it runs on Windows 7 as it used to.